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Its really quit simple, why are philosophers able to write thousands of pages in this shit? The world is very logical, its when you get all wishy-washy do things get messay
Until people started looking at quantumn mechanics and the very small, i'm sure everyone thought the world was nice and clear cut.
As some, perhaps most, still do.
Truth be told, you don't just need quantumn mechanics to shake the world up. Reason itself should be enough.
We currently like to have our cake and eat it too.
We wish to live a material world that follows material rules.
Yet we also wish for consciousness and to have some say on that material world.
Very few beings i know of, despite all their professions, live as though there is no distinction between themselves and the material.
They want to believe in choice, they want to believe they have some say in things.
To do so, you've got to throw the deterministic universe out the window.
And then you realise things are a bit more complex then you first thought.
To keep a deterministic universe, you must admit your consciousness, the device for which you believe yourself to obtain knowlege, is not real. Is a mistake. Is an illusion.
You basically look through a window to the world, and derive empirically from what you see on the other side, that there is no window through which you can see.
Of course, everyone who knows a bit about physics is finding out the deterministic model is facing problems of its own empircally.
Then things start to go even more downhill.
So you've thrown out determinism.
But to retain any sort of meaning to anything in life, the scientific method, your own conclusions and knowlege, your own actions....you need cause and effect. You need connections. You need reason. You need there to be rules.
Suddenly, the determinism which rushes back in.
The world is not so clear cut. Far from it.
The philosophers of reason, and the scientists of empiricism, begin to realise the world appears anything but the straight forward "newtonian naturalistic" clockwork wonderland most modern people believe in (and yet also simultaeneously deny by holding onto a concept such as choice)